Marine/Coastal Use cases

Specific Challenge Tasks

1. Discovery: Discover Nitrogen concentration data to Kelp forest from Santa Barbara and Monterey that is outside the kelp forest but within 1km distance
1. requires polygon/footprint for the kelp forest locations as input
2. data can come from different sources (moorings, ship samples, AUV sample)
   
2. Assessment: Determine if given data source can be used in particular method for estimating Nitrogen
1. requires describing and matching constraints of the nitrogen estimation model of interest
   
3. Integration: Create a derived data product that contains observations from each of the appropriate data sources with an estimate of Nitrogen delivery (mass per time vectors) at given scale X (space+time) for each kelp bed
1. requires combining concentration data with current data to produce mass flow vectors

{Pacific} Kelp Nitrogen budget: Overview of Use case steps

1. Find distribution of kelp forests (of interest)
   
2. Estimate terrrestrial N inputs
3. Estimate ocean N inputs
4. Estimate N sinks
5. Calculate overall budget
6. Compare budget effect in El Nino vs non El Nino years

Use Case 1: Estimate Nitrogen Input from streams into Kelp forest systems for Pacific Coast

• Goal
• Discover data that quantifies sources of Nitrogen in various kelp systems
• Calculate a nitrogen budget for the system using historical data
  
• Summary
• Queries
• Find distribution X of kelp beds on Pacific coast
• Find data that quantifies nitrogen inputs from terrestrial sources into X
• Stream output of nitrate (Nitrogen per minute at creek mouth)
  
• Find data that quantifies ratio of nitrogen isotopes in plants to determine source of N as ocean vs terrestrial
  
• Operations/Tasks
• Integrate stream output data accounting for protocol differences in sampling regime at stream mouths
• Determine if given data source can be used in particular method for estimating Nitrogen
• Transform data for use in particular model to calculate Nitrogen
  
• Data sets and associated metadata
• Data on nitrogen (several forms: total N in water, total N in plant)
  
• Observations (e.g., water bottle samples from cruises, samples from kelp plants, samples from watersheds)
• Instrument measurements of Nitrogen
  
• Modeled: nitrogen estimate based on models of nitrogen budgets
• current, temperature
• Kelp distribution
• Data on delivery
• Satellite data
• color -- biomass
• salinity
• surface temperature
• Metrics of completion/success

Use Case 2: Nitrogen Budget for Kelp forest systems for Pacific Coast

• Goal
• Discover data that quantifies sources of Nitrogen in various kelp systems
• Calculate a nitrogen budget for the system using historical data
  
• Summary
• Queries
• Find distribution X of kelp beds on Pacific coast
• Find data that quantifies nitrogen inputs from terrestrial sources into X
• Stream output of nitrate (Nitrogen per minute at creek mouth)
  
• Find data that quantifies nitrogen inputs from ocean sources into X
• Find data that quantifies uptake of nitrogen in Kelp, turf algae, and phytoplankton
• Production rate at small scales extrapolated to whole bed and then region
• Probably involves experimenta that estimate uptake rates under various conditions
  
• Find data that quantifies ratio of nitrogen isotopes in plants to determine source of N as ocean vs terrestrial
  
• Operations/Tasks
• Integrate stream output data accounting for protocol differences in sampling regime at stream mouths
• Determine if given data source can be used in particular method for estimating Nitrogen
• Transform data for use in particular model to calculate Nitrogen
  
• Data sets and associated metadata
• Data on nitrogen (several forms: total N in water, total N in plant)
  
• Observations (e.g., water bottle samples from cruises, samples from kelp plants, samples from watersheds)
• Instrument measurements of Nitrogen
  
• Modeled: nitrogen estimate based on models of nitrogen budgets
• current, temperature
• Kelp distribution
• Data on delivery
• Satellite data
• color -- biomass
• salinity
• surface temperature
• Metrics of completion/success

Use Case 3: Predict effects of El Nino on Nitrogen Budget for Kelp forest systems for Pacific Coast

• Goal
• Then predict nitrogen in Kelp in El Nino vs non-El Nino years (requires integration across data sources)
• Data sets and associated metadata
• What data can be used to define El Nino state?
• Need historical classification of El Nino events according to some set of authorites

 ...

Use Case 4: Oceanography (for calibration purposes)

• Description: User would like to get data from different platforms to compare different measurements on an area and time of interest. For example, to cross-calibrate instruments.
• Queries: User requests data constrained by  parameter (e.g. sea Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen), time (start, end), geographic location (latitude / long bounding box), depth (min, max), procedure and event of interest. Procedures can be platforms, such as fixed platform (e.g. mooring),  a mobile platform (autonomous underwater vehicle ) and a remote platform (e.g. satellite). Procedures can also be a survey (such as a dive expedition). Event of interest is related to values of parameters. For example favorable upwelling conditions (winds at mooring SE at more than 5 m/s).
• Data sets and associated metadata:
• Mooring data in the Monterey Bay for water temperature via SOS getObservation response. ( includes metadata and data). More examples at the NDBC web site.
  
• Autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) 2009 missions from MBARI in NetCDF. Includes values for temperature, depth oxygen, nitrate, etc..
• Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from NOAA satellites available at Coastwatch. More here.
• Dive expeditions. Data link to be added.
  
• Integration tasks: Display data from these different platform at the same time. Find when they overlap using radius of 5 KM and time < 4 hours, and depth < 10 m).

Other use cases

Urchin exclusion experiments on kelp growth rate